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How long does it take to send 100 GB over Gigabit Ethernet? Local LAN speed limits

13m 20s for 100 GB is Gigabit Ethernet's practical floor. It's the baseline against which 2.5 GbE (5m 20s) and 10 GbE (1m 20s) upgrades should be measured when planning a home or small-office network.

A 100 GB transfer over Gigabit Ethernet works out to 13 minutes 20 seconds at the full 1000 Mbps peak. That's the typical figure you'll see on a well-tuned home LAN. Modern NICs, a proper switch, and a fast disk at both ends. SMB and NFS add single-digit percentage overhead once the link is warm.

By TechCompare · Updated

Transfer time
13m 20s
At peak link speed
File size
100 GB
100 GB
Link speed
1,000 Mbps
Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps)

Calculator

Data Transfer Calculator

Estimated Transfer Time
13m 20s

Speed Comparison

USB 2.0
27m 46s
480 Mbps
USB 4 / Thunderbolt 4
20s
40 Gbps
Gigabit Ethernet
13m 20s
1 Gbps
Selected
10 Gigabit Ethernet
1m 20s
10 Gbps
WiFi 5 (ac)
33m 20s
400 Mbps
WiFi 7 (be)
2m 40s
5 Gbps
SATA SSD
3m 1s
4.4 Gbps
NVMe Gen4 SSD
14s
56 Gbps

How this is calculated

Real-world Gigabit sustained throughput lands around 110-115 MB/s, which stretches the transfer to about 14-15 minutes. WiFi on a 5 GHz 80 MHz channel usually hits 40-70% of this in practice despite advertised speeds. For a home NAS to saturate Gigabit, both source and destination disks need to beat ~120 MB/s sustained, which any recent NAS-class drive does easily.

Verdict

100 GB at Gigabit Ethernet's 1000 Mbps peak works out to 13 minutes 20 seconds, the typical figure on a well-tuned home LAN with modern NICs, a proper switch, and a fast disk at both ends. SMB and NFS protocol overhead adds single-digit percentage to that figure once the link is warm, which is why the practical real-world time lands around 14-15 minutes rather than 13:20 exactly. The verdict's upgrade comparison is concrete: 2.5 GbE (2.5x the throughput) drops the same transfer to 5 minutes 20 seconds and 10 GbE (10x) drops it to 1 minute 20 seconds, which is the math anyone planning a home or small-office network upgrade should use to decide whether the per-port cost of faster NICs is worth the per-transfer time saved.

More Ethernet scenarios

100 GB over USB 3.0
A 100 GB transfer over USB 3.0 works out to exactly 2 minutes 40 seconds at the interface's 5 Gbps peak rate.
View details ➜
1 TB over USB 3.0
A 1 TB transfer over USB 3.0 works out to 26 minutes 40 seconds at the interface's 5 Gbps peak data rate.
View details ➜
4 GB over USB 2.0
A 4 GB transfer over USB 2.0 works out to 1 minute 6 seconds at the interface's 480 Mbps peak rate.
View details ➜

Frequently asked questions

What is the real-world speed of a Gigabit Ethernet transfer?
A Gigabit link realistically sustains about 110 to 115 MB/s of data throughput after network protocol overhead.
Why does my Gigabit Ethernet transfer top out at 112 MB/s?
Gigabit Ethernet is 1,000 Mbps = 125 MB/s theoretical. The TCP/IP protocol stack and SMB/NFS overhead consume about 10-12%, leaving a real-world ceiling near 110-115 MB/s. A well-tuned jumbo-frame setup can squeeze a few percent more. Sustained throughput depends on the slowest disk at either end of the transfer.
Is Cat6 required for Gigabit Ethernet?
No. Cat5e (rated to 1000 Mbps at 100 meters) is enough for Gigabit. Cat6 supports 10 Gbps at 55 meters, which future-proofs for 10 GbE upgrades. For the same price, choose Cat6. If you find a good deal on Cat5e for a 1 Gbps-only home network, it's perfectly adequate.