Headphone rattle test: pure tones for driver buzzing and loose parts

Walk a sine tone from 30 Hz up to 8 kHz and listen for the frequency where the buzz starts. That single frequency tells you whether it's excursion, a loose part, or a coil problem.

A headphone rattle test isolates buzzing that music masks. Pure sine tones at increasing frequencies let you pinpoint exactly which driver is misbehaving and what frequency triggers it. A driver that buzzes at 30 Hz but not 50 Hz has an excursion problem. A buzz that appears only at one midrange frequency is usually a loose part or grille resonance. Pure tones are the only honest way to expose this because any complex signal buries the buzz under other content.

By TechCompare · Updated

Oscillators
1
Single tone
Frequencies
250 Hz
Waveform
Sine
Per-oscillator lanes

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250 Hz sine
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How this is calculated

A loose driver, detached dust cap, broken voice coil former, or loose grille screw all reveal themselves at specific frequencies. Start low and work up: 30 Hz for excursion, 60 Hz for the harmonic, 250 Hz for midrange cone motion, 1 kHz for the crossover band, 4 kHz and 8 kHz for tweeter and coil problems. If you hear a buzz at one tone but not the others, you've localized the failure. If a tone makes both ears buzz identically it's probably your room or your head shaking, not the headphones - try the same test on a flat surface to rule that out.

Verdict

Music is too messy to diagnose headphone problems with. A held pure sine tone at the right frequency exposes any rattle immediately. Find the frequency that triggers the buzz, then decide whether it's mechanical (loose part, obvious fix) or voice-coil (replace the driver).

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Frequently asked questions

Why does my headphone buzz with one tone but not others?
Each driver defect has a resonant frequency where it manifests. A loose part buzzes at its own resonate frequency. A voice-coil rub shows up at the frequencies where the cone moves most. Playing tones across the band isolates which frequency triggers the buzz, which narrows down the cause.
Is the buzz from my headphones or my head?
Test the same tones with the headphones on a flat surface. If the buzz disappears, your hair, glasses, or earrings were rattling against the cup. If it persists, the headphones are the source.